A lot of the issues with Math stem from some instability in the foundational understanding, which carries over as the difficulty is increased. I noticed this often in teaching students. If they had no concept of the idea of base 10, then they couldn't comprehend multiplication as repeated addition and borrowing in place value. So, the gaps in their foundation only served to further complicate their understanding. There are rules, but once you know them, then there is a correct answer. Numbers are nice that way. I think it feels daunting to some because maybe they aren't aware of where those gaps are in their foundational understanding. Once, you get past that, into trigonometry and calculus, it is similar. You must know one component before moving to the next, or you will lack a fundamental understanding and will struggle until you work to fill in those gaps.