There isn't just one monolithic scientific method. There are a lot of methods that you can use to do science, but they must have a bunch of qualities for them to be actually scientific. And sometimes it's a grey area. Science must be testable, repeatable, falsifiable, and maybe some other things. Methods that fail these are unscientific, and if they are trying hard to look like real science, sometimes called pseudoscience. Sometimes, theories and stuff are called pseudoscience because they are just wrong. So: yes?
I guess what I mean is, it seems that the standards of the 'scientific method' that psychology is held too, is much higher than the so called 'sciences'. If we think of reliability and validity - the ability to reproduce the same results over and over. Or having consistent and detailed definitions of variables...it seems like these are essential and critical to the credibility of psychology, but not other areas of science. How often are experiments in biochemistry considered credible based on 2-3 successful runs of an experiment?
I think people believe other sciences adhere to all 'scientific methods', when really, they don't. People seem to blindly believe that just because a discipline is considered 'science' that they're adhering to actual scientific methods. I'm not saying that's you! I'm just stating a beef I have. I think that psychology is just as scientific as other 'sciences'!
What is an applied discipline?
Sorry! I should have explained this a bit better. I consider an applied discipline to create outcomes that are more practical or can be used/applied directly to a situation. These often incorporate more subjective or opinions to enhance the application. Often, 'scientists' feel that, by garnering more experiential data, that this limits the 'science' behind it - as it accepts variations in individual opinions and experiences. However, this is often the key to success in applied disciplines. I think one of the strengths of psychology is that it often considered this 'subjective' data within it's application. But, there's a debate as to whether or not this type of data is actually 'scientific'....but I think it is in a way...I dunno!
It's a difficult question to answer as it's not clear cut. There are certain aspects of psychology that use observation and experimentation to come up with consistent results. There are others, however which use purely anecdotal or subjective data.
I don't think psychology needs to be a science. It's particular route in understanding the human mind goes beyond purely empirical and measurable means. While it needs to live up to certain standards, forcing too tight a lens on psychology's methods will only result in lessening it's usefulness.
I believe this, but also battle with it! As I said above, I think one of the strengths of psychology is that it uses 'data' which isn't considered 'scientific'...but at the same time, I feel that because the paradigm of credibility is based on 'science', it gets pushed aside when it has significant and credible evidence. I feel that instead of changing psychology to fit into the 'science' paradigm, we need to change what we believe science to be!
Dismissing all of psychology and psychiatry is like dismissing all books. There's so many ways, so many different schools of thought. I'm sorry if you had a bad experience at one point - I've had plenty.
Such a great example!!
It's just like medicine- do we discount all of medicine based on the experimentation of doctors like Dr. Mengele, Dr. Ishii or Dr. Beecher? No! So why discount all of psychology because of a few psychologist who have become famous for their mis-use and mis-application of psychology?
Let's just say that we are talking about "science" not as a field of study on different matters, but we are talking about science in what is known to mean testable observations, clear predictions and empirical reliability.
There is a tricky way psychologists try to escape by adjusting the word science, and saying that actualy psychology is a kind of "soft science", which is corectly traslated as pseudo-science.
Actually, MUUUUUCH of psychology now is this. In fact, I would argue that about 90% of it is this!
You do know that what we call psychology today is based on what Freud has established as a foundaion of psychology, right?
That means if Freud was wrong, and I think he was, 95% of today psychology is illusion. So today psychology is a "logical" outgrow of Freud and Adler illusions, which means...a bigger illusions, a illusion outgrowth, if that is possible.
All that is made perfect by progress perishes also by progress. All that has been weak can never become absolutely strong. We say in vain, “He has grown, he has changed”; he is also the same. - Blaise Pascal
This exactly the problem of psychology. If the foundation is wrong, if the premises are false, then everyhting in it is false.
Actually, I would argue this isn't true. While Freud did have a huge impact on psychology, as well as Jung...psychology has a long history, and dates back to way before their time! Freud might have created psychoanalysis, but that's just a portion of what psychology is.
More important, it's foundations come from the same foundations that anatomy, neurology, biology, chemistry...these all have their basis in philosophy! Descartes actually is considered a fundamental influence on psychology and how we view the body and mind.
Within psychology there are many domains which are influenced by specific people or methods- but they are just a sect of psychology, and these different sect often are in tension or disagreement. So to lump all of psychology within one sect of it, is not seeing the broader picture of the discipline.
There is nothing testable, quantifiable, predictable, reproductable, and exprimentable in the field of psychology.
Someone meantioned the induction methoding, to comep up with some theories. To rely on induction, one first have to have a basis to start from, something inductive, which is clear and is known. Psychologists don't have that. It is not even known if there is a mind which is distinct and independent from the brain, or if the brain is the actual thing that causes all mental process.
Because psychology has big implications. There is a soul? There is a mind? We are just monkeys who search for happiness, in camparation with monkeys who don't search for happiness? All mental precess are reduced to brain?
Of course, the main body of psychology today start from the evolutionistic assumption, that everything what we call thoughts are reductible to matter, and thus to our brain. Or some say, mind is actually a creation of matter, of brain.
Others say something else...that thoughts are a little bit more complex than simply matter, that feelings are bit more sophisticated then chemistry, and that is very possible we might have a soul, a entity which is beyond matter, and we might have a mind. Of course, these guys are the mocked minority, under labells as creationists, religious people and so on, even if that is not usualy true.
Oh, I forgot about morality. A big problem there too.
So yeah, what I'm trying to say is that everything isn psychology is unclear, builded on different basic assumptions, which might be true or not.
I think you highlight some important limitations to some of the work that has gone on in psychology, but much of it today is testable, quantifiable....
Do you consider neuroscience a science? Because much of neuroscience is psychology- they overlap.
What about understanding animal behaviours and how anatomy and adaptation influences group outcomes?
What about understanding the impact of an illness, such as dementia, on cognitive and/or affective functions?
What about investigating how our environment impacts our attention?
While there is a lot of psychology, such as the study of morality or happiness, that limits our understanding, again - this is just one sect of psychology
So, I agree with you that studying things such as the abstract and subjective construct of the soul and the mind isn't scientific- I would also argue that psychology is much more than that!